2. An 4-inch thickness of concrete is deep enough. The primary concern is the beta, alpha and neutron radiation. The alpha and beta are blocked by anything thicker than aluminum foil. A 4-inch thick layer of concrete is enough to thermalize a short term blast of neutron radiation.
3. Yes, there is always a risk of cancer, warfare or not.
4. The principal concern is I-131. The threat from the iodine is nearly gone in 7 days.
5. If you are close enough that your clothing is of concern, you are too close to need to worry about anything further.
6. Sealed water containers are the principal concern. Beyond that, MREs are your best option.
7. It is expected there will be electromagnetic pulses (EMPs) which will destroy electrical devices, probably even those which are unplugged. Batteries would probably survive and those are good to have. It is good to have a source of warmth, a source of light, something to read, a water filtration system, maps and a supply of disinfectants, first aid supplies, vitamins, mineral supplements and antibiotics.
8. It is not safe to be outside anywhere for at least 7 days.
9. At 7 days, older members of the survivors should be sent out on reconnaissance. At 14 days, the survivors should be moving to a permanent resettlement area, but do not expect any remnant of civilization to survive.
10. Do not expect any remnant of civilization to survive.
11. Leukemia rates will increase drastically among the young starting at about 10 years after the attack.
12. There should be 100 square feet of floor space for each survivor.
13. Do not expect any remnant of civilization to survive. Having CB radios on hand would be a good thing.
14. Bunkers are equipped with High Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) and charcoal filters which allow continuous exchange with the outside air.
15. Anyplace where the ventilation can be sealed and where there is an isolated source of water. A residence does not adequately meet either of these requirements. The basement of any large, commercial or governmental building would be better.
16. No.
17. They can live there for as long as their supplies last.
18. Mars is not currently habitable. There is a way to meld Venus and Mars to make a single habitable planet. Mars would need to be moved inward in its orbit using atmospheric fusion jets. Venus would need to be moved outward in its orbit using high velocity impacts from asteroid debris. We do not currently have the technology to do either.
No, don't read the stuff from doomsday preppers. Most of them don't know anything...
If you're worried about a Cold War style, full-on, global thermonuclear war, don't be. While many of the weapons remain, no one is going to use them. Even if Iran or N. Korea do have nuclear weapons and decide to use them, they're going to be quite small in power, and in no way a threat to global health.
As for your other questions, it's going to really depend on how much radiation we're talking about and what sort of material. For instance, the radioactive material used in the damaged Japanese reactor has a half-life measured in weeks. Basically, every 3 weeks, the amount of radioactivity in a sample will decrease by half. Uranium, however, which is the most common material for nuclear weapons, has a half life measured in centuries.
Bunkers are a waste of time. Most are not constructed properly, meaning if you ever had to use one, chances are you'll die of asphyxiation due to a bad air system, or poisoning due to a malfunctioning water system, or will find out too late, that the bunker isn't deep enough to protect you from radiation. Either way you've just sealed yourself into your own shallow tomb.
When the nukes start to fly, it will be all over for our specie. Currently, we have sufficient nuclear weapons to incinerate every man, woman, and child on earth-----17 times. The radioactive half-life of many nukes exceeds 10,000 years. So, in about 100,000 years., we MAY be able to leave our bunkers and fight WWIV-----with sticks and stones. When the nukes start to fly, humanity will become radioactive dust. Why would you want to survive?
Google "Doomsday Preppers" and fill in many happy hours conversing with like minded individuals who will happily spend hundreds of thousands of dollars out of fear...
Don't worry about a bomb shelter.
It's like life itself. None of us are going to get out of it alive.
I have many questions regarding a nuclear attack, and I do not want inappropriate responses because it’s a current fear for some people. So as I couldn’t Google most answers, I will ask them here.
Please ANSWER SOME, AS MUCH OR EVEN ALL:
1. How far can a nuclear bomb impact, for example, dropping it in Sydney, where about would it impact on, in measurements?
2. How deep does a bunker have to be underground, in measurements?
3. Would you still be at risk of cancer in a deep bunker with supplies?
4. How long do you have to stay until it’s safe to join the rest of the community? (I heard 20 years, 14 days or 100 years)
5. What things should you wear when you hear about attacks? (I heard lots of layers to protect from radiation, I heard that in Hiroshima people’s clothes were burnt onto them, maybe it depends on closeness)
6. What foods would you bring in a bunker?
7. What things should you avoid doing and bringing (I heard electrical items should be unplugged and wrapped and covered and a fridge it not a good hiding place and bring dry goods)
8. Are you safe after 14 days to live with relatives in another city, or will you be at risk of illness if you walk outside?
9. When you walk outside after a month will it be safe, if not, what are the risks? (obviously not burns since the explosion is over)
10. If it attacks in one city, like Sydney, is it safe to move cities or states, like Melbourne, or Queensland?
11. Is it likely for you to get leukaemia when you are underground? Walking to safety AFTER a month? Living back there after 20 years?
12. How big should a bunker be? Like a normal house?
13. How would you keep in contact with the world in an underground bunker, no satellite right?
14. How do you get oxygen in a bunker?
15. What would be a makeshift safety if you don’t have a bunker, I heard in a house, but wouldn’t you be burnt or get leukaemia or even the house collapsing, or does it depend on closeness? So could you just live at home for 2 months?
16. Can I just live in Antarctica during the war?
17. How long can people live in space in a legit rocket from NASA and everything a researcher lives in while studying space?
It's a good idea to move to Mars...
Thanks and best wishes for future and try survive in war. :)
